The settlement house and women's club movements were crucial centers of female progressive activity because they
a. provided literary and philosophical perspectives on social questions.
b. broke down the idea that women had special concerns as wives and mothers.
c. introduced many middle-class women to a broader array of urban social problems and civic concerns.
d. helped slum children learn to read Dante and Shakespeare.
e. became the launching pads for women seeking political office.
Answer: C