In the 1890s, voting percentages in the South

In the 1890s, voting percentages in the South

A. increased for blacks only.
B. increased for whites only.
C. declined for blacks only.
D. increased for whites and declined for blacks.
E. decreased for whites and blacks.

Answer: E

In the 1890s, pressure in the South to restrict black voting rights came from

In the 1890s, pressure in the South to restrict black voting rights came from

A. poor white farmers.
B. wealthy Southerners.
C. advocates of Jim Crow.
D. both poor white farmers and wealthy Southerners.
E. All these answers are correct.

Answer: E

In his 1895 "Atlanta Compromise" speech, Booker T. Washington

In his 1895 "Atlanta Compromise" speech, Booker T. Washington

A. called for political and civil rights for black Americans.
B. criticized the federal government for abandoning Southern blacks.
C. argued that blacks should honor their African forebears.
D. stated that blacks should give up in seeking equality with whites.
E. called for tacit acceptance of the emerging system of racial segregation.

Answer: E

During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, Southern agriculture

During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, Southern agriculture

A. saw a significant diversification of its crops.
B. saw a decline in absentee ownership of farmland.
C. regained the profitability it had prior to the Civil War.
D. saw a deceleration of the processes begun in the postwar years.
E. saw the great majority of farmers live under the tenant system.

Answer: E

Advocates of the "New South"

Advocates of the "New South"

A. opposed using Northern capital.
B. discouraged white women from working outside of the home.
C. promoted Southern industry and railroad development.
D. challenged the assumptions of white supremacy.
E. in fact advocated a return to the plantation system of the antebellum South.

Answer: C

Congressional Reconstruction might have been more effective if

Congressional Reconstruction might have been more effective if

A. the federal government had not involved itself with redistributing income.
B. the federal government had not passed the Enforcement Acts.
C. Radical Republicans had not put Jefferson Davis on trial for treason.
D. the Freedmen's Bureau had been ended sooner.
E. the federal government had better enforced the laws designed to assist blacks.

Answer: E

The elections of 1876 saw

The elections of 1876 saw

A. the Supreme Court decide the presidential election.
B. a Democrat become president for the first time since the Civil War.
C. the candidate with the most popular votes fail to get elected.
D. Ulysses Grant make an unsuccessful bid for an unprecedented third term.
E. the governor of New York become president.

Answer: C

Congressional passage of the Enforcement Acts in 1870-1871

Congressional passage of the Enforcement Acts in 1870-1871

A. was aimed at reducing white repression of blacks in the South.
B. was designed to support the Black Codes.
C. was vetoed by President Ulysses Grant.
D. gave legal protection to the Ku Klux Klan.
E. allowed white southerners to maintain a police state.

Answer: A

The Alabama claims

The Alabama claims

A. saw the United States refuse to pay Alabama for losses incurred during the Civil War.
B. involved complaints by the United States against England.
C. ended an experiment in black landownership.
D. marked a renewed effort in asserting the rights of states over federal authority.
E. were found by the Supreme Court to invalidate Radical Reconstruction.

Answer: B

The Panic of 1873

The Panic of 1873

A. began after the Southern crop-lien system collapsed.
B. saw Republicans call on Grant to go off the gold standard.
C. saw President Grant favor putting more paper currency into circulation.
D. began after revelations of corruption in the Grant administration.
E. was the nation's worst economic depression to that time.

Answer: E

In 1868, Ulysses S. Grant

In 1868, Ulysses S. Grant

A. was nominated by both the Republican and Democratic Parties.
B. won a huge victory.
C. entered the White House with no political experience.
D. relied on many of his former military advisors to join his administration.
E. ran against Republican Reconstruction policies.

Answer: C

In the South, the crop-lien system

In the South, the crop-lien system

A. encouraged the planting of cash crops
B. nearly disappeared during Reconstruction.
C. led to crop diversification.
D. was generally imposed on blacks, but not white farmers.
E. saw interest rates rise as high as 20 or 30 percent.

Answer: A

During Reconstruction, the black labor force worked

During Reconstruction, the black labor force worked

A. approximately the same number of hours as during slavery.
B. significantly fewer hours than had been the case during slavery.
C. more hours than had been the case during slavery.
D. significantly more hours than the white labor force.
E. significantly less hours than the white labor force.

Answer: B

Black sharecropping

Black sharecropping

A. represented a continuation of the pre-Civil War gang-labor system.
B. differed sharply from the tenant system.
C. usually led to economic independence.
D. was a very common occupation of former slaves.
E. involved close white supervision which recalled the days of slavery.

Answer: D

During Reconstruction, the Southern school system

During Reconstruction, the Southern school system

A. eventually reached forty percent of all black children.
B. did not allow blacks to be teachers.
C. initially were not segregated.
D. only offered primary instruction.
E. barely reached any children of former slaves.

Answer: A

During Reconstruction, Southern African-American officeholders

During Reconstruction, Southern African-American officeholders

A. filled as many as five seats in the United States Senate.
B. were excluded from state constitutional conventions.
C. did not serve in the federal Congress or Senate.
D. rarely engaged in illegal political activities.
E. underrepresented the total number of blacks living in the South.

Answer: E

During Reconstruction, the term "Scalawags" referred to

During Reconstruction, the term "Scalawags" referred to

A. Southern white Republicans.
B. free black Southerners.
C. Southerners who moved north.
D. white Southerners who still embraced their former affiliation with the Confederacy.
E. Northerners who moved south.

Answer: A

In 1868, President Andrew Johnson was impeached because he

In 1868, President Andrew Johnson was impeached because he

A. violated the Tenure of Office Act.
B. offered political opposition to Radical Republicans.
C. dismissed Edwin Stanton from office.
D. both violated the Tenure of Office Act and dismissed Edwin Stanton from office.
E. All these answers are correct.

Answer: E

The Tenure of Office Act

The Tenure of Office Act

A. gave the Senate the power to appoint members of the president's cabinet.
B. was designed to limit President Andrew Johnson's authority.
C. was roundly condemned by Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.
D. was both designed to limit President Andrew Johnson's authority and roundly condemned by Secretary of War Edwin M. Stanton.
E. None of these answers is correct.

Answer: B

In 1867, Congressional plans for Reconstruction

In 1867, Congressional plans for Reconstruction

A. were rejected by every former Confederate state.
B. replaced federal military commanders in the South with civilian leaders.
C. granted forty acres of land to every adult male former slave.
D. required new state governments in the South to give voting rights to black males.
E. required that state legislatures ratify the Thirteenth Amendment.

Answer: D