America's major foreign-policy problem in the 1920s was addressed by the Dawes Plan, which

America's major foreign-policy problem in the 1920s was addressed by the Dawes Plan, which

A) aimed to prevent German re-armament.
B) condemned the Japanese aggression against Manchuria.
C) provided a solution to the tangle of war-debt and war-reparations payments.
D) established a ratio of allowable naval strength between the United States, Britain, and Japan.
E) ended the big-stick policy of armed intervention in Central America and the Caribbean.

Answer: C

America's European allies argued that they should not have to repay loans that the United States made to them during World War I because

America's European allies argued that they should not have to repay loans that the United States made to them during World War I because

A) the United States was making so much money from Mexican and Middle Eastern oil that it did not need extra dollars.
B) Germany was not paying its reparations to them, so they could not afford to pay off the loans.
C) the amount of money involved was not significant.
D) they had paid a much heavier price in lost lives, so it was only fair for the United States to write off the debt.
E) the United States had owed them about $4 billion before the war.

Answer: D

In the early 1920s, one glaring exception to America's general indifference to the outside world was its

In the early 1920s, one glaring exception to America's general indifference to the outside world was its

A) continuing attempt to oust the Communist from power in the Soviet Union.
B) involvement in the World Court.
C) armed intervention in the Caribbean and Central America.
D) involvement in the League of Nations' humanitarian operations.
E) naval buildup

Answer: C

Senator Robert La Follette's Progressive party advocated all of the following except

Senator Robert La Follette's Progressive party advocated all of the following except

A) opposition to antilabor injunctions.
B) government ownership of railroads.
C) increased power for the Supreme Court.
D) relief for farmers.
E) opposition to monopolies.

Answer: C

Which of the following splits did not affect the Democratic party in 1924?

Which of the following splits did not affect the Democratic party in 1924?

A) Fundamentalists versus Modernists
B) northern liberals versus southern conservatives
C) immigrants versus old-stock Americans
D) urbanites versus suburbanites
E) "wets" versus "drys"

Answer: D

The intended beneficiaries of the McNary-Haugen Bill were __________; the intended beneficiaries of the Norris-LaGuardia Act were __________.

The intended beneficiaries of the McNary-Haugen Bill were __________; the intended beneficiaries of the Norris-LaGuardia Act were __________.

A) farmers; banks
B) banks; railroads
C) railroads; labor unions
D) railroads; farmers
E) farmers; labor unions

Answer: E

After the initial shock of the Harding scandals, many Americans reacted by

After the initial shock of the Harding scandals, many Americans reacted by

A) suggesting that Harding resign the presidency so that Calvin Coolidge could take control.
B) calling for a thorough Congressional investigation.
C) demanding that all those involved be sent to prison.
D) excusing some of the wrongdoers on the grounds that "they had gotten away with it."
E) demanding the impeachment of the president.

Answer: D

Which of the following was not a consequence of the American policy of raising tariffs sky-high in the 1920s?

Which of the following was not a consequence of the American policy of raising tariffs sky-high in the 1920s?

A) the postwar chaos in Europe was prolonged.
B) international economic distress deepened.
C) the American economy slipped into recession..
D) European nations raised their own tariffs.
E) American foreign trade declined.

Answer: C

One exception to President Warren G. Harding's policy of isolationism involved in the Middle East, where the United States sought to

One exception to President Warren G. Harding's policy of isolationism involved in the Middle East, where the United States sought to

A) support a homeland for Jews in Israel.
B) prevent the League of Nations from establishing British and French protectorates in the region.
C) stop the Soviet Union from dominating the area.
D) secure oil-drilling concessions for American companies.
E) curb the rise of Arab nationalism.

Answer: D

The 1932 Stimson doctrine

The 1932 Stimson doctrine 

a) reversed the U.S.' long-standing interventionist policy in Latin America.
b) committed the U.S. to join the League of Nations' effort to impose economic sanctions against Japan for its invasion of Manchuria.
c) announced the U.S.' willingness to outlaw was as an instrument of national policy.
d) declared that the U.S. would not recognize any territorial acquisition achieved by force of arms.
e) declared Japan and Germany 'rogue states.'

Answer: D

In response to the League of Nations' investigation into Japan's invasion and occupation of Manchuria,

In response to the League of Nations' investigation into Japan's invasion and occupation of Manchuria, 

a) the U.S. became an official member of the League.
b) Japan withdrew its troops.
c) it initiated a boycott of Japanese goods.
d) Japan left the League.
e) the U.S. and China moved toward an alliance.

Answer: D

President Hoover's public image was severely damaged by his

President Hoover's public image was severely damaged by his 

a) decision to abandon the principle of 'rugged individualism.'
b) construction of 'Hoovervilles' for the homeless.
c) agreement to provide a federal dole to the unemployed.
d) refusal to do anything to try to solve the Great Depression.
e) handling of the dispersal of the Bonus Army.

Answer: E

The Bonus Expeditionary Force marched on Washington, D.C., in 1932 to demand

The Bonus Expeditionary Force marched on Washington, D.C., in 1932 to demand 

a) the removal of American troops from Nicaragua.
b) passage of legislation introducing a lower tariff.
c) immediate full payment of bonus payments promised to World War I veterans.
d) punishment for those who had forced unemployed veterans to leave Washington, D.C.
e) housing and health care assistance for veterans.

Answer: C

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation was established to

The Reconstruction Finance Corporation was established to 

a) provide direct economic assistance to labor.
b) make loans to businesses, banks, and state and local governments.
c) outlaw 'yellow dog' (antiunion) contracts.
d) provide money for construction of dams on the Tennessee River.
e) lend money for federal public works projects.



Answer: B

The _____ was an 'alphabetical agency' set up under Hoover's administration to bring the government into the anti-depression effort.

The _____ was an 'alphabetical agency' set up under Hoover's administration to bring the government into the anti-depression effort. 

a) Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)
b) National Recovery Administration (NRA)
c) Works Progress Administration (WPA)
d) Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)
e) Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

Answer: D

President Hoover's approach to the Great Depression was to

President Hoover's approach to the Great Depression was to 

a) leave the economy alone to work itself out of trouble.
b) nationalize major industries.
c) encourage the states to stimulate spending.
d) blame it on big business.
e) adopt unprecedented federal initiatives.

Answer: E

President Herbert Hoover believed that the Great Depression could be ended b doing all of the following except

President Herbert Hoover believed that the Great Depression could be ended b doing all of the following except 

a) providing direct aid to the people.
b) directly assisting businesses and banks.
c) keeping faith in the efficiency of the industrial system.
d) continuing to rely on the American tradition of rugged individualism.
e) lend funds to feed farm livestock.

Answer: A

In America, the Great Depression caused

In America, the Great Depression caused 

a) people to blame the economic system, not themselves, for their problems.
b) a decade-long decline in the birthrate.
c) an increase of foreign investment because prices were so low.
d) the price of common stock to remain low while blue-chip stocks suffered only moderate losses.
e) a shift in the economic philosophy of business.

Answer: B

As a result of the Hawley Smoot Tariff of 1930,

As a result of the Hawley Smoot Tariff of 1930, 

a) American industry grew more secure.
b) duties on agricultural products decreased.
c) American economic isolationism ended.
d) campaign promises to labor were fulfilled.
e) the worldwide depression deepened.

Answer: E

The Federal Farm Board, created by the Agricultural Marketing Act, lent money to farmers primarily to help them to

The Federal Farm Board, created by the Agricultural Marketing Act, lent money to farmers primarily to help them to 

a) organize producers' cooperatives.
b) learn a new and more profitable trade.
c) open new land to cultivation.
d) purchase expensive new farm machinery.
e) take land out of production.

Answer: A